Your Professional Polyvinylpyrrolidone manufacturer!
Established in 2014, Hangzhou Reward has emerged as a leading player in the chemical industry, specializing in the production and distribution of a wide range of high-quality products. With a firm commitment to innovation, quality, and customer satisfaction, we have solidified our position as a prominent supplier in China's chemical market.
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What is Polyvinylpyrrolidone?
Povidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a synthetic polymer vehicle for dispersing and suspending drugs. It also acts as a disintegrant and tablet binder. It appears as white to off-white hygroscopic powder in its pure form and is readily soluble in water. Povidone has the molecular formula of (C6H9NO)n. Povidone formulations are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry due to their ability to dissolve in both water and oil solvents.
Hair Color Dyes Disperse Violet 1
Hair dye may cause severe allergic reactions; please read the instructions before use and use according to its instructions; this product is not suitable for consumers under 16 years old; cannot be used to dye eyebrows and eyelashes. If it accidentally gets into your eyes, rinse immediately; for professional use Wear appropriate gloves; please do not dye your hair under the following circumstances: you have a rash on your face or your scalp is allergic, inflamed or damaged; or you have experienced adverse reactions when dyeing your hair before.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP is one of the three major new pharmaceutical excipients. It can be used as a co-solvent for tablets, granules, and injections, a glidant for capsules, a dispersant for liquid preparations and colorants, and a dispersant for enzymes and heat-sensitive drugs. Stabilizer, co-precipitant for insoluble drugs, detoxifier and lubricant for eye drops, etc. Industrially used as foamed polystyrene additives, gelling agents, stabilizers, fiber treatment agents, paper processing aids, adhesives, and thickeners for suspension polymerization.
Adding a certain amount of vitamin E nicotinate and other related substances to hair care products can make hair smooth and moist. As a new cosmetic active ingredient, vitamin E nicotinate has basically the same mechanism of action in hair growth cosmetics as in other cosmetics. It is the mechanism of using it to promote blood circulation and continuously and stably increase the blood flow of skin and muscle.
Sodium Cyclamate used as sweetener for food processing, additive for medicine, cosmetics and feed, etc.
Applications: Used as a raw material for resins, plasticizers, surfactants, emulsifiers and demulsifiers, and also as antifreeze and heat carrier.
Sodium Cyclamate used as sweetener for food processing, additive for medicine, cosmetics and feed, etc
Advantages of Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Form a suspension: The main idea behind using PVP is to easily distribute or suspend an otherwise insoluble solid in a liquid.
Prevent emulsions from separating: PVP helps to keep emulsions from separating into their oil and liquid components.
Hold ingredients together: PVP aids in holding together the ingredients of a compressed tablet or cake.
Does not leave any residue: The application of PVP-containing products does not leave any sticky layer on the applied region but dries to form a thin coating on the skin, hair or nails.
Helps maintain the integrity of the hair: When formulated in hair care products, PVP holds the structural integrity of hair strands and helps in maintaining a good hairstyle. This is because PVP inhibits the hair's ability to absorb moisture.
Application of Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Cosmetics
Polyvinylpyrrolidone contributes to the softness and lubrication of the skin, promotes the natural humidity balance in skin cosmetics, and reduces the irritation of cosmetics to the skin. It is a cosmetic antidote with superior performance. It is used in shampoo to improve foam stability, increase the gloss and smoothness of hair, and make hair elegant. PVP and its copolymers are used for hair styling and hair care. The film formed on the hair is elastic and shiny and has excellent combing performance. Therefore, they are indispensable raw materials for hair cosmetics, such as styling hair cream, hairspray, and mousse.
Textile, printing, and dyeing industry
Introducing PVP into synthetic fibers can increase the dye susceptibility and antistatic properties of synthetic fibers and improve the hygroscopicity, wrinkle resistance, styling, and easy washing of synthetic fibers. For example, polyamide and polyester fibers are famous for their high strength, fineness, abrasion resistance, thermoplasticity, good gloss, and bright dyeing, but their poor moisture absorption. If they are used as clothing, a layer of water vapor from the air is often attached to the surface of the clothing. The clothing with poor hygroscopicity easily gets wet and clings to the skin, especially in hot and humid weather, leading to discomfort.
Adhesives
Polyvinylpyrrolidone is widely used in various adhesive formulations. Its application can be divided into two categories: one is to use this compound as the main component of the adhesive, and the other is to use the bonding properties of PVP in other products that require adhesive components, such as coatings, inks, various tablets, granules, and sintered materials. As the main component of adhesives, it is most widely used in industry, including solid glues, pressure-sensitive adhesives, and rewetting adhesives. Solid glue is a new type of office glue, and it has been widely popular worldwide, especially suitable for children.
Pigments and coatings
Polyvinylpyrrolidone is often used as a surface coating agent and dispersant for pigments when preparing organic pigments. The surface-treated pigment has excellent tinting power and gloss. This compound has excellent dispersing effects on carbon black, phthalocyanine pigments, titanium dioxide, etc. After adding PVP, carbon black is not easy to gelatinize during ball milling. The resultant carbon black has a smaller particle size and better stability during storage, avoiding the problems of easy flocculation, precipitation, and agglomeration of carbon black suspension.
Detergent
This substance can be used as a detergent builder. It can prevent dirt from re-deposition, and the effect is much better than the commonly used carboxymethyl cellulose. It can effectively prevent the occurrence of color conversion or white background contamination in the washing after printing and dyeing. PVP also helps the brighteners in the detergent adhere to the fibers and reduce the irritation of the detergent on human skin.
Use in the production of polymers
Polyvinylpyrrolidone can be used as a viscosity regulator, dispersion stabilizer, and particle size regulator in the polymerization process. The resin produced by this method has improved strength, transparency, and color sensitivity. In general, PVP with a larger molecular weight is used as a protective agent and stabilizer to prevent the precipitation of the suspension or the aggregation of larger particles in the emulsion and dispersion. In contrast, PVP with a low molecular weight is more suitable for use as a dispersant, especially for the dispersion of low-density substances.
Agriculture
PVP is non-toxic to plants and can be used in agricultural sprays, compound fertilizers, and wettable formulations for dusting and seeding. PVP film can prevent the leaves from withering during plant transplantation and protect the growth of plants. Applying it to the seeds can protect biological functions and reduce damage during soaking. PVP-I is applied as a high-efficiency fungicide and insecticide to kill nematodes, larvae of cereal worms, and certain insects, and it can control the pathological conditions that produce fungi in plants.
New material field
PVP can be used for the separation of membranes, medical polymer materials, and the blending of polymers. At present, the applications of membrane separation technology in the pharmaceutical industry, sewage treatment, and water purification have been very common. Nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes are essential components in the membrane separation industry. This substance is used as its film-forming porogen, and its consumption has now exceeded 3,000 t a–1. In addition, it is also used in the preparation of membrane materials for kidney dialysis.
Chemical Properties of Polyvinylpyrrolidone
K-value and molecular weight
Due to the difference in n number (the degree of polymerization), PVP has different molecular weights and slightly different properties. PVP with different molecular weight ranges is generally expressed by K-values (e.g., K-12, K-15, K-17, K-30, K-60, and K-90).
Solubility
One of the outstanding properties of PVP is its universal solubility in hydrophobic and extremely hydrophilic solvents. PVP is generally easier to dissolve in more polar solvents but difficult to dissolve in weakly polar or nonpolar solvents. However, when a co-solvent is present, the solubility of PVP in weakly polar or nonpolar solvents can be increased.
Surface activity
The molecular structure of PVP contains a strong polar acylamino group with a dipole distance of 40 C · m, which has the ability of hydrophilic and affinity polar groups, and its nonpolar alkyl group makes it lipophilic. The end of the lactam-based oxygen atom with the larger dipole moment is bare, while the end of the nitrogen atom is surrounded by methyl and methylene groups.
Complexation
The PVP molecule has a strong polar amide group and can bond with hydrogen, which allows it to have a strong complexing ability with many substances, especially compounds containing hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, and other active hydrogen atoms. PVP forms solid complexes with iodine, β-carotene, reserpine, tolbutamide, phenytoin, amorphous e, griseofulvin, and various sulfonamide drugs.
Chemical stability
Under normal circumstances, PVP solids are very stable, with no change after heating at 100 °C for 16 h. If heated to 150 °C or mixed with an initiator such as ammonium persulfate and heated at 90 °C for 30 min, a c oss-linking reaction occurs, and it becomes an insoluble cross-linked solid. In the presence of azo compounds, irradiation with ultraviolet light and gamma rays will produce a stable gel.
Physiological inertness and safety
Many toxicological and biochemical studies show the excellent physiological inertness and biocompatibility of PVP. The acute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity of PVP orally or intraperitoneally is extremely low, with the only effect observed being diarrhea at high doses due to its osmotic action. LD50 values of PVP range from 12 g kg–1 intraperitoneally in the mouse to 100 g kg–1 orally in the rat, suggesting that it belongs to the actual nontoxic level according to the oral toxicity classification standard.
Synthesis of Polyvinylpyrrolidone
PVP(Polyvinylpyrrolidone) is obtained by bulk polymerization and solution polymerization with monomer vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) as raw material. In the preparation process of bulk polymerization, due to the problems of high viscosity of the reaction system, difficult diffusion of the polymer, difficult removal of polymerization heat, resulting in local overheating, the obtained products have low molecular weight, high content of residual monomers, and are mostly yellow, which has little practical value. PVP is generally synthesized by solution polymerization in industry. There are two main routes for PVP production polymerization. The first is NVP solution polymerization in organic solvent, and then steam stripping. The second route is aqueous solution polymerization of NVP monomer with water-soluble cationic, anionic or non-ionic monomers. PVP homopolymer can be obtained by directly heating NVP monomer above 140 ℃, or adding initiator to NVP solution for heating, or adding initiator to NVP solution (the solvent can be water, ethanol, benzene, etc.) for polymerization through free radical solution, or directly irradiating NVP monomer or its solution with light. Different polymerization methods lead to different structures and properties of polymers, The polymer obtained by free radical solution polymerization has uniform composition and structure. PVP homopolymers with different molecular weight and water solubility can be obtained by adjusting the monomer concentration, polymerization temperature, initiator dosage and other reaction conditions.
Process 1: Prepare NVP into a solution with a mass fraction of 50%, use a small amount of hydrogen peroxide as catalyst, initiate polymerization at 50 ℃ under the action of azodiisobutyronitrile, and almost convert NVP into PVP. Then ammonia is added to the polymer to decompose the residual azodiisobutyronitrile. The monomer polymerization conversion is nearly 100% and the solid content is 50%.
Process 2: Add 0.4g dispersant P (NVP co VAC) and 80g dispersion medium ethyl acetate into a 250ml four mouth flask, stir and dissolve in a constant temperature water bath at 70 ℃, add 20g monomer NVP and 0.15g initiator AIBN, react for 6h in nitrogen atmosphere, cool and filter, and put the insoluble matter into a vacuum drying oven for 24h to obtain white PVP solid powder.
This versatile ingredient used in the cosmetics and beauty industry is a binder, film former, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent and hair fixative and is seen primarily in products such as mascara, eyeliner, hair conditioners, hair sprays, shampoos and other hair care products. It keeps emulsions from separating into their oil and liquid components and holds together the ingredients of compressed tablets or cakes. PVP also can dry and form a thin coating on the skin, nails or hair, and when it is seen as an ingredient in hair products, it is used to hold hair styles in place by preventing the hair's ability to absorb moisture. It is also used in contact lens solutions and as the thickening agent in whitening toothpaste and tooth whitening gels.
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Ultimate FAQ Guide to Polyvinylpyrrolidone
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